Diet in Dialysis patients
Protein intake
Dialysis patients need to take high protein intake (1.2 to 1.4 gm per kg per day).
Can take non vegetarian food, pulses, beans, dairy products, soya food items, protein supplements and other high protein content items.
Fluid intake
Fluid intake per day is generally less than 1 liter per day.
It mainly depends on how much urine output and weight gain between two sessions of dialysis.
Ideal weight gain should be less than 2 kilogram in between two sessions of dialysis.
Also if there is swelling, poor heart function and breathlessness then patient has to restrict fluid intake.
FOODS TO BE AVOIDED
- All salted food items including chips, pickle, chutney, pappad, mixtures etc.
- Soft drinks, chocolates, fried items, processed items like cheese,
- Refined sugar, honey, glucose, jaggery, jam and jelly Refined starch products like corn flour, jelly powder, custard powder etc.
HIGH-POTASSIUM FOODS TO BE AVOIDED If your potassium > 4.5
Almost all foods contain potassium. Serving size is important. A large serving size of a low potassium food can become a high potassium food.
Avoid high potassium food items like:
1. Coconut water
2. Dry fruits Like: – Raisin, dates, raisins, currants etc.
3. Tinned, canned, preserved processed foods like sauce, mint, processed cheese, tinned fruits, macaroni etc.
4. Commercial salad dressings, Sauces, ketchups, instant soups.
5. Special salt substitutes senda salt, black salt, tata lite, pink salt, rock salt, Lona Salt.
6. Tamarind (Imli) spices, condiment (masala) and others
Vegetables
All vegetables contain potassium. Wash, peel and cut vegetables into pieces, soak in warm water for 2-3 hours, discard water and add large volume fresh water, cook and discard water.
Potassium content in Vegetables
Vegetables: All vegetables contain potassium. They are grouped according to their potassium content. You should consume vegetables having lower potassium content.
Group-1 (0-100 mg potassium): Radish- pink(mooli), cucumber (kakdi), snake gourd (padval), bottle gourd (lauki), and beetroot.
Group – II (100-200 mg potassium): Cabbage (band gobi), onion-small, bitter gourd (karela), cauliflower (phul gobi), pumpkin (kaddu), carrots (gajar), radishwhite (mooli), brinjal (baigan), ladies finger (bhindi), and green tomatoes.
Group – III (200+mg. potassium): Coriander (dhaniya), amla, sweet potato, spinach (palak) and green papaya.
Group – II and Group – III vegetables after ‘leaching’ them off with potassium.
Potassium content in Fruits
Only one fruit (200 gm ) can be taken per day like-papaya, apple, guava, pineapple, pear etc